Cilj rada: utvrđivanje učestalosti uzročnika nekomplikovanih i komplikovanih infekcija urinarnog trakta novorođenčadi rođene u terminu kao i utvrđivanje eventualnih prediktornih faktora povezanih sa prisustvom najčešćih uzročnika u uzorcima urina. Metod: Retrospektivna studija obuhvatila je terminsku novorođenčad hospitalizovanu na Univerzitetskoj dečijoj klinici zbog urinarnih infekcija u periodu od deset godina. Podaci su prikupljeni iz raspoložive medicinske dokumentacije. Rezultati: Od 4261 hospitalizovanih novorođenčadi u periodu od deset godina, 286 (6.7%) primljeno je na odeljenje zbog infekcije urinarnog trakta. Komplikovane urinarne infekcije dijagnostikovane su kod 61 (21.3%) ispitanika a nekomplikovane kod 225 (78.7%). Kao vodeći uzročnici nekomplikovanih infekcija urinarnog trakta među neonatusima izdvojili su se coli (60.8%), Klebsiella (13.3%) i Enterococcus (4.9%). Pomenuta tri uzročnika najčešće su izolovani i u uzorcima urina kod komplikovanih infekcija (Escherishia coli 52.5%, Klebsiella 23.0% i Enterococcus 11.5%). Rezultati su ukazali da je veća starost neonatusa na prijemu povezana sa većom šansom da je uzročnik Escherichia coli (OR=1.06, 95% IP:1.02-1.11), dok su ženski pol i znaci komplikovane urinarne infekcije protektivni faktori (OR=0.27, 95% IP:0.14-0.49, odnosno OR=0.38, 95% IP:0.19 – 0.74). Sa druge strane ženski pol je faktor rizika za razvoj urinarne infekcije izazvane bakterijama Klebsiella (OR=2.75, 95% IP:1.44- 5.26) i Enterococcus (OR=3.05, 955 IP:1.33 – 6.97). Dodatni faktor rizika za infekciju urinarnih puteva novorođenčadi izazvanu Enterococcus je i komplikovanost infekcije (OR=2.61, 95% IP:1.10 – 6.20). Zaključak: Podaci dobijeni u istraživanju mogu biti od koristi pri odluci o izboru antibiotika u ranoj fazi lečenja urinarnih infekcija terminske novorođenčadi. Poželjna su dalja istraživanja o profilu rezistencije vodećih uzročnika urinarnih infekcija novorođenčadi na antibiotike.

Preeclampsia complicates about 5% of all pregnancies worldwide. It is a major cause of maternal, fetal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. The aim of this systematic review was to study the literature on the predictive potential of screening for preeclampsia based on serum markers and uterine artery Doppler velocity waveform assessment. First-trimester uterine artery Doppler can identify over half of women who will develop preeclampsia. Detection rates may be increased by a combination with maternal serum markers. In screening for early preeclampsia, the detection rate for a 10% falsepositive rate was 96.3% for a combination of maternal factors, soluble endoglin, placental growth factor and uterine artery lowest Pulsatility Index. First trimester placental protein 13 predicts preeclampsia in women at increased a priori risk and predicts early-onset better than late-onset disease. The Fetal Medicine Foundation has released in 2009 the new software to allow calculation of risks for preeclampsia and gestational hypertension. Uterine artery Doppler velocimetry in combination with some biochemical markers seems to be an effective first-trimester screening tool for preeclampsia and in particular early-onset preeclampsia.

The objective of the study was to examine the usefulness and efficiency of ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy as a diagnostic procedure. Tumors of the parotid region are in most cases benign in nature and usually belong to the parotid gland. Nevertheless, it must be taken into account that tumors in the parotid-masseteric region have outcomes in other organs or system of organs, with the clinical presentation of isolated tumor states. We prospectively and retrospectively analyzed medical records of 80 patients with the diagnosis of parotid region tumor, ages 18-80 years. Ultrasound core-needle biopsy (one surgeon) was performed by Easy Core Biopsy Device 18 gauge. The patients were examined at the Department of Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Clinical Hospital Zemun, Belgrade, Serbia. In the period from May 2008 to may 2012. 54 men and 26 women were examined. Average age was 59.80 (61.57 male, 52.96 female). 17 malignant tumors were detected (21.25%), 44 benign neoplasm (55%), and 19 non-neoplastic lesions (23.75%). Lesions were located in parotid region, cervical lymphonodes, and the cervical soft tissue. The frequencies of malignancy tumors were as follows: 6 salivary gland carcinomas (Adenocarcinomas 5, Acinic cell carcinomas, Adenoid cystic carcinoma 1, Mucoepidermoid 1), Lymphoma 6 (Hodgkin 2, Non-Hodgkin 2), Secondary depositions 6 (SCC 3, Adenocarcinoma prostatae 1, Melanoma 1). Benign neoplasm distributions were as follows: Salivary gland adenomas 21 (Pleomorph adenoma 19, Basal cell adenoma 2), Warth tumors 16, Lipoma 5, Oncocytoma 2. Non-neoplastic lesions distribution frequencies were: Cystic parotid tissue changes 5, Mucous cyst 1, Tuberculous sialadenitis 1, Sarocidosis 2, Reactive lymph node 1, Toxoplasmoses 2, Chonic sialadenitis 6, Sjögren’s syndrome 1. Ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy is a highly specific, very sensitive and accurate procedure for the diagnosis of salivary gland lesions and it can be performed as an safe outpatient procedure, alternative to classical procedures of open-surgery (e.g. salivary gland tumors extirpation).

Dobrovoljno davalaštvo (DDK) je jedini način za obezbeđivanje kontinuirane zalihe ovog jedinstvenog leka. Stoga je neophodno motivisati i informisati stanovištvo o pozitivnim efektima donatorstva krvi, a u cilju da se regrutuju novi i zadržavanja postojećih DDK. Cilj ovog rada bio je ispitivanje načina informisanosti, motiva i prepreka za dobrovoljno davanje krvi, kao i razloga za ponovno davalaštvo. Ispitivanje je obuhvatilo 65 DDK koji su popunjavali upitnik u Službi za transfuziju krvi KBC Zemun- Beograd. Pitanja su se odnosila na strukturne podatke (pol, starosna dob, obrazovanje), znanje i informisanost o davalaštvu, kao i na motaviciju i prepreke u vezi budućeg dobrovoljnog davanja krvi. Statistička obrada je obuhvatila standardne metode deskriptivne statistike kao i grafičke prikaze. Dobijeni rezultati su pokazali da je većina ispitanika za dobrovoljno davanje krvi saznalo od porodice i prijatelja (40.6%). Namensko davanje krvi je u većini slučajeva (33.8%) bio prvi kontakt sa davalaštvom. Čak 66.5% DDK se tokom procedure davanja krvi oseća odlično, međutim 7.7% kao prepreku u davanju krvi bira ubod igle. Njih 73.9% se odlučilo da će nastaviti redovno da daruje krv, a kao glavni razlog su uglavnom navodili altruizam (33.8%). Među onima koji bi krv darovali možda povremeno (26.1%), glavni motiv je bio slučaj da krv zatreba nekome iz bliskog okruženja (12.3%). Na osnovnu ispitivanja, može se reći da je u našoj lokalnoj zajednici dobrovoljno davalaštvo krvi zasnovano na altruizmu. Ipak, u cilju okupljanja većeg broja potencijalnih DDK i zarad zadržavanja postojećih, neophodna je stalna motivacija i promocija davalaštva kao jedinstvne karike zdravstvenog sistema u koje je uključeno celokupno stanovništvo.

Meningiomi su sporo rastući intrakranijalni ekstracerebralni ekspanzivni procesi koji nastaju od arahnoidalnih ćelija. Često su neurološki mirni, psihijatrijski se manifestuju dok ne postignu velike razmere. Depresija može postojati kao komorbiditet ili komplikacija kod pacijenata sa meningiomima. Mnoge karakteristike meningioma-veličina tumora, lokalizacija, histopatologija su istraživani u vezi sa njihovim mogućim uticajima na depresiju. Dalja istraživanja povezana sa deficitom znanja u ovim oblastima bi trebalo da donesu benefit pacijentima sa ovom vrstom intrakranijalnih tumora. Cilj ovog rada je da poboljša znanja u ovoj oblasti kod pacijenata sa ovim dijagnozama.

Persistent infection of Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the strongest epidemiological factor associated with intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer. These days, infection with Human papillomavirus is the most common type of sexually transmitted disease. In most cases, infection is asymptomatic and it remains undiagnosed. Women infected with high-risk types of the virus are at greater risk of developing severe dysplastic changes or cancer. The aim of this study was to examine the association between HPV type 16/18, cytology, colposcopy, biopsy and risk factors of developing intraepithelial lesions of low L-SIL and a high level of H-SIL. The study included 864 patients who had undergone detection of HPV type 16/18 DNA using in situ hybridization. All study participants were divided into three categories according to the presence of H-SIL, L-SIL and benign histologic findings. In the case study group that had L-SIL and H-SIL there was a significant higher percentage of HPV infection than in the group of patients with benign histologic findings. The percentage of H-SIL is highest in patients who had HR-HPV infection with types 16/18, sexual intercourse before 16 the age and two to five sexual partners. This study indicates that among the H-SIL intraepithelial neoplasia, there is a high presence of HR-HPV 16/18 related to the number of sexual partners and early sexual intercourse at a younger age as a statistically significant presence of these genotypes with L-SIL intraepithelial neoplasia.

Gestational diabetes mellitus and maternal overweight and obesity are associated with increased risk for adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes, such as fetal overgrowth. Although most studies addressing the effects of maternal BMI on adverse outcomes include women with GDM, a little is known about associations between maternal BMI and fetal metabolic status evaluated by ultrasonography means. One of the ultrasound parameter of glycemic controlis the measurement of fetal liver length. Prospective study of 385 women with monofetal pregnancies and established risk for GDM underwent mid-trimester ultrasound exam, during which fetal liver length were measured. After exam, body mass index (BMI) was determined for each patient. Each participant underwent 100 g fasting oral glucose challenge test (oGTT) in order to confirm or to exclude diagnosis of GDM. There was a statistically highly significant positive correlation between the BMI and fetal liver length for the entire sample (N=385; p<0.001; R=+0.55) as well in the sample of GDM patients (N=96; p<0.001; R=+0.58) and controls (N=289; p<0.001; R=+0.33). Maternal BMI has impact on fetal liver length assessed by ultrasound exam. This influence is even higher in GDM.

Study objective was to test the relationship between maternal body mass index (BMI) and fetal abdominal subcutaneous fat tissue (ASCT) measured by ultrasound. The total number of pregnant women enrolled in the prospective study was 280. For all participants BMI was determined. Study participants underwent ultrasound exam at 32nd week of gestation and ASCT was measured. Positive correlation has been found between ASCT and maternal BMI (p<0.01, r=0.1612). The study showed that intrauterine growth and development is partially regulated by the maternal BMI.

Koža vulve se razlikuje od koze drugih regija po različitoj bakterijskoj flori I uslovima trenja. Dermatološke bolesti vulvarne kože i mukoze se dele u dve grupe. Prvu grupu čine dermatoze slične ekstravulvarnim dermatozama, a drugu čine dermatoze koje zahvataju predominantno vulvarnu regiju. Spečificne dermatoze vulve su kontaktni dermatitis, lichen planus, lichen sclerosus. Infektivne bolesti vulve se mogu preneti direktnim kontaktom. Prepoznavanje tipičnih mikroskopskih karakteristika pomaze u dijagnostici scabiesa, herpes virusne infekcije i molluscum contagiosuma. Humani papilloma virusi (HPV) su epiteliotropni virusi i mogu uzrokovati premalgnu i malignu transformatciju epitelnih ćelija. Sledeći kriterijumi kao što su virusne promene, klinički parametri i mikroskopski nalaz upućuju na postojanje dva puta u karcinogenezi skvamoznog karcinoma vulve i to HPV-zavisni put udružen sa Vulvarnom intraepitelialnom neoplazijom/VIN/ klasičnog tipa i ne -HPV sa VIN diferentovanog (simlex) tipa često udruženim sa lichen sclerosusom i/ili vulvarnom hiperplazijom.Invazivni planocelularni karcinom je najčešći karcinom vulve. Procena prognostičkih faktora je neophodna komponenta patohistoloskog izveštaja. Visoki gradus tumora, vaskularna invazija, veće dimenzije tumora i dubina invazije zaslužuju imunohistohemijsku analizu limfnih čvorova radi nalazenja metastaskih ćelija karcinoma. Extramamarna Pagetova bolest je retka. Može biti primarnog kožnog porekla ili udružena sa nekožnim tumorima gastrointestinalnog ili porekla mokraćne bešike. Imunohistohemijskla analiza je važna za odredjivanje primarnog porekla tumora.