Aim: We present the case of a woman with endobronchial pulmonary synovial sarcoma. Introduction: Primary pulmonary synovial sarcoma is an extremely rare tumor that has the same histomorphological characteristics and chromosomal translocations as the synovial sarcoma of soft tissue origin. Material and Methods: A woman aged 58 years, the smoker, without the current symptoms of the disease, came to our institution because of the nodus that was seen on the CT chest. The polip (26 mm) was located in the lumen of the lower right lobar bronchus. The mediastinal and hilar lymph nodes were not increased. The radiological examination was done as part of a routine control after the meningeoma surgery three years ago. Right lower lobectomy and resection of regional lymph nodes were performed. Results: By a macroscopic examination, in the lumen of the bronchus for the lower right lobes, a clearly limited, nonencapsulated, grayish-white node of 2.6 x 2.6 x 1 cm was found. Histologically, the tumor was showed interweaving fascicular uniform spindle cell with ovoid, pale staining nuclei, and inconspicuous nucleoli, scant cytoplasm and the cell borders indistinct. Immunohistochemical tumor cells were positive for CD99, bcl2 and vimentin. Surgical margins and regional lymph nodes were not affected. A detailed clinical and radiological examination confirmed the primary lung origin of the diagnosed synovial sarcoma. A year after surgery the patient feels good. Conclusion: Morphological and immunohistochemical analysis with detailed clinical and radiological examination confirms the primary lung origin of synovial sarcoma

Aim: To evaluate surgical lung biopsies in patients with a clinically and radiologically set diagnosis of ILD. Introduction: Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) are a group of lung diseases affecting the lung interstitium. These entities share similar clinical and radiological features and are distinguished primarily by the histopathologic patterns on surgical lung biopsy. Material and Methods: The study included 30 patients with a surgical lung biopsy performed in 10-year period at the Institute for Pulmonary Diseases of Vojvodina in Sremska Kamenica. Standard H E stain, special stains for conective tissue and smooth muscle, as well as immunohistochemistry in some cases were used. The patient’s age, sex, clinical symptoms, surgical biopsy type and histological findings were analyzed. Results: Of the 30 patients who underwent surgical lung biopsy, an open lung biopsy according to Claassen was performed in 14 patients, in 12 biopsies biopsy according to Maassen was obtained, while in 4 patients material for histopathological analysis was taken by VATS (Video - Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery). The most common biopsy site was upper lobe in 16 cases, then lingula in 10, middle lobe in 2, and lower lobe and lung base in 1 patient. By histopathological analysis, diagnosis of UIP in 8, PLCH in 7, sarcoidosis in 6, hypersensitivity pneumonitis in 3, NSIP in 2, LAM, LIP, DIP and ACIF in 1 patient. Conclusion: Diagnosis of ILD is based on history, physical examination, high-resolution CT imaging, pulmonary function tests, and lung biopsy which presents golden standard in diagnostic approach.