A sense of satisfaction and well-being that covers various aspects of life can be defined as quality of life (QoL). Hypothyroidism can be clinically both latent and apparent. It is possible to evaluate general aspects of life, identify the presence and severity of diseases, and evaluate the effectiveness of treatment while QoL measurement instruments are used. The timely initiation of levothyroxine (LT4) substitution in cases with latent hypothyroidism and the evaluation of LT4 substitution quality serve as evidence of the beneficial effects of used QoL instruments. Here, we introduced GHQ12, TSQ, and ThyPRO instruments most commonly used in routine thyroid clinical practice.

Intensive Care Units (ICUs) are inevitably positioned at the top of the treatment pyramid for patients with acute and life-threatening conditions according to current medical practice. The number of critically ill patients has dramatically increased owing to better treatment quality, a longer life expectancy, and the impact of modern technologies. This has raised concerns regarding the intensive care and surveillance of these patients. Compared to colleagues in non- intensive care services, the profiles of physicians and nurses/technicians working ICUs differ considerably in their patients’ approach and skills performance. Specific indications for ICU admission have been established due to the restricted number of available ICU beds. These patients are transferred to semi-intensive care (SICUs) services within the departments that correspond to their pathology once their critical condition has stabilized. The ICU patients cannot be fully recovered, but can have their conditions stabilized to the point where they may receive further treatment outside of the ICU. Thus, ICUs and SICUs represent one functional unit. The aim of this review is to present the indications for admission to the Department of Internal Medicine ICU of the Clinical Hospital Center Zemun.

We are the witnesses of a significant increase in chronic kidney diseases (CKD) occurrence. There is scarce literature evidence about functional integrity and natural adaptation of endocrine system axes in patients with different stages of always progressive CKD. Such a problem is growing with the beginning of renal replacement treatments (peritoneal and hemodialysis) or even with renal transplantation. The close monitoring of CKD patients by nephrologist and endocrinologist is mandatory because the natural adaptation of the endocrine system in CKD patients must be differed out of endocrine dysfunction, which has to be treated. Endocrine dysfunction management principles are mostly the same as for the patients with no CKD, except for close drug dose monitoring, especially in the circumstances with concomitant renal replacement treatment.